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English to Greek total vocabulary (Lessons 1-12). Alphabetical.

Try Try to remember the highlighted vocabulary!  Click on each letter to access its list:

A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H      I       J        K       L     

    M     N      O      P      Q      R      S      T      U      V      W     Z

A

according to, throughtout =  κατά  + acc

actor, hypocrite = ὑποκριτής, οῦ, ὁ

admirable = θαυμαστός, ή, όν

Aeneas (mythic Trojan hero said to have founded Rome) = Αἰνείας, ου, ὁ 

affair, deed, thing, matter  = πρᾶγμα, πράγματος, τό 

after (preposition)  = μετά + acc

after, when, since (conjunctions) = ἐπεί, ἐπειδή

age, period, eternity, span of life = αἰών, αἰῶνος, ὁ 

ally = σύμμαχος, ου, ὁ  

also, too = καί used as an adverb

altar =  βωμός, οῦ, ὁ

always = ἀεί / αἰεί 

and =  καί, τε (postpositive) 

and (or “but,” depending on the context) = δέ (postpositive)

angel, messenger = ἄγγελος, ου, ὁ

anger, wrath  = ὀργή, ῆς, ἡ

another = ἄλλος, η, ο 

apostle = ἀπόστολος, ου, ὁ  

army = στρατιά, -ᾶς, ἡ

art, skill, cunning device = τέχνη, ης, ἡ

assembly; (later) church = ἐκκλησία, ας, ἡ

athlete =  ἀθλητής, οῦ, ὁ

away from = ἀπό + gen

B

(the) back = νότος, ου, ὁ

bad, cowardly, evil = κακός, ή, όν

badly = κακῶς

bard = ἀοιδός, οῦ, ὁ 

because = διότι

before = πρίν + Infinitive (with a negation in the context)

beginning, rule =  ἀρχή, ῆς, ἡ

beneficial, good = χρηστός, ή, όν

bird = ὄρνις, ὄρνιθος, ὁ, ἡ

body = σῶμα, σώματος, τό

both... and = καί...καί, τε ...  τε

boy, girl = παῖς, παιδός, ὁ, ἡ

brave = ἀνδρεῖος, α, ον

breath of life, spirit, ghost, (later) soul = ψυχή, ῆς, ἡ  

breath, (later) spirit = πνεῦμα, πνεύματος, τό

brother = ἀδελφός, οῦ, ὁ

bull = ταῦρος, ου, ὁ

but =  ἀλλά

but (or “and,” depending on the context) = δέ (postpositive)

by someone (with a passive verb) = ὑπό  + gen

C

called, chosen = κλητός, ή, όν

carved image = ξόανον, ου, τό

cattle, especially a flock of sheep =  πρόβατον, ου, τό, in the pl

chance, fortune, destiny = τύχη, ης, ἡ

child = παιδίον, ου, τό; τέκνον, ου, τό 

Christ =  Χριστός, οῦ, ὁ

church =  ἐκκλησία, ας, ἡ

citizen = πολίτης, ου, ὁ

city-state = πόλις, πόλεως, ἡ. A vowel stem of the 3rd declension, of a type we have not studied yet.

claw, nail = ὄνυξ, ὄνυχος, ὁ

common  =  κοινός, ή, όν

concerning, about = περί  ⁺ gen 

corner = γωνία, ας, ἡ

couch, bed = κλίνη, ης, ἡ

crowd = ὄχλος, ου, ὁ

cup = κοτύλη, ης, ἡ

Cyrus = Κῦρος, ου, ὁ

D

day = ἡμέρα, ας, ἡ

death =  θάνατος , ου, ὁ

deed, thing, matter, affair = πρᾶγμα, πράγματος, τό

democracy = δημοκρατία, ας, ἡ 

demon (koinê) = δαίμων, δαίμονος, ὁ

descent, nation, “race” = γένος, γένους, τό

desire =  ἐπιθυμία, ας, ἡ

difference, dispute = διαφορά, ᾶς, ἡ

different, the other, each  (of two) =  ἕτερος, α, ον 

disease = νόσος, ου, ἡ

doctor =  ἰατρός, οῦ, ὁ

donkey = ὄνος, ου, ὁ

down (along) a road, river, denoting motion = κατά + acc

down from = κατά + gen

Draco, said to have established harsh laws in Athens = Δράκων, Δράκοντος, ὁ

dream = ὄναρ, ὄνατος, τό

drug, remedy =  φάρμακον, ου, τό

E

earth = γῆ, γῆς, ἡ

end = τελευτή, .ς, ἡ

end, goal = τέλος, τέλους, τό. A contracted noun of the 3rd declension, not studied yet.

enigma, riddle = αἴνιγμα, αἰνίγματος, τό

entire = ὅλος, η, ον  

envy, jealousy = φθόνος, ου, ὁ

error, crime (in ancient Greek) =  ἁμαρτία, ας, ἡ

even if = εἰ καί

excellence, virtue, courage = ἀρετή, ῆς, ἡ  

expectation (good, i. e. hope, or bad) = ἐλπίς, -ίδος, ἡ

experience = ἐμπειρία, ας, ἡ

F

faith = πίστις, πίστεως, ἡ (3rd decl noun of a type not studied yet)

farmer = γεωργός, οῦ, ὁ

father = πατήρ, πατρός, ὁ

fatherland = πατρίς, πατρίδος, ἡ 

fine, noble = καλός, ή, όν

firsτ = πρῶτον

flesh, meat = σάρξ, σαρκός, τό

food = σῖτος , ου, ὁ; also σιτίον, ου, τό = especially in the pl

foot = πούς, ποδός, ὁ

for (causal) =  γάρ (postpositive)

for the sake of = ὑπέρ + gen

forest, wood = ὕλη, ης, ἡ

fortunate = εὐδαίμων, εὔδαιμον

freedom = ἐλευθερία, ας, ἡ

friend = φίλος , ου, ὁ

from = ἀπό + gen,  πρός  + gen

frugality = εὐτέλεια, ας, ἡ

G

gadfly = µύωψ, µύωπος, ὁ

garden, paradise = παράδεισος, ου, ὁ

giant = γίγας, γίγαντος, ὁ

gift = δῶρον , ου, τό

girl = κόρη, ης, ἡ

glory, opinion, reputation = δόξα, ης, ἡ

god, God = ὁ  θεός

goddess = θεά, ᾶς, ἡ

gold = χρυσός, οῦ, ὁ

golden = χρυσοῦς, ῆ, οῦν

good, brave = ἀγαθός, ή, όν

gospel = εὐαγγέλιον, ου, τό

grace, favor = χάρις, χάριτος, ἡ

grief = λύπη, ης, ἡ

guest, host, foreigner = ξένος, ου, ὁ

H

Hades = Αἵδης, ου, ὁ

harsh, difficult = χαλεπός, ή, όν

he (actually a demostrative meaning “that man, that one”) =  ἐκεῖνος

heart = καρδία, ας, ἡ

herald = κῆρυξ, κinotype; background: yellow"> δεῦρο

Hermes = Ἑρμῆς, 9;ς, α, ον

“home” in the sense of “homeward” = οἴκαδε; οἴκοι = at home

hope, expectation (good or bad) = ἐλπίς, -ίδος, ἡ  

horse = ἵππος, ου, ὁ

hour, season  = ὥρα, ας, ἡ

house =  οἰκία, ας, ἡ or οἶκος, ου, ὁ

how great? (neuter = how much?); pl = how many? = πόσος, η, ον;

how? = πῶς;  

hypocrite, actor =  ὑποκριτής, οῦ, ὁ

I

I = ἐγώ

if = εἰ

ignorance = ἄγνοια, ας, ἡ

ill-fated, unhappy = κακοδαίμων, κακόδαιμον

immortal = ἀθάνατος, ον  (compound adjective: two endings only)

in front of, before  = πρό + gen

in or at the foot or base of (a tree, a mountain) = ὑπό +  dat  

in, at = ἐν + dat

indeed, certainly, in fact  = δή (postpositive)

indictment, writ = γραφή, ῆς, ἡ

inimical = ἐχθρός, ά, όν

injustice, unrighteousness = ἀδικία, ας, ἡ 

into = ἐς, εἰς  + acc

island = νῆσος, ου, ἡ

it is permitted, possible  = ἔξεστι(ν) (impersonal)

it was permitted, possible  = ἐξῆν, imperfect of ἔξεστι(ν)

J

Jesus = Ἰησοῦς, οῦ, ὁ.

Jocasta = ᾿Ιωκάστη, ης, ἡ

joy = χαρά, ᾶς, ἡ

just as, as = ὡς

just, righteous = δίκαιος, α, ον

justice = δίκη, ης, ἡ

K

knowable, known = γνωστός, ή, όν

L

lamp, torch = λαμπάς, λαμπάδος, ἡ

land, countryside = χώρα, ας, ἡ

large, great, long  = μακρός, ά, όν; singular of πολύς, πολλή, πολύ

law, tradition = νόμος, ου, ὁ

leader = ἡγεμών, ἡγεμόνος, ὁ

letter = ἐπιστολή, ῆς, ἡ

life = βίος, ου, ὁ

lion = λέων, λέοντος, ὁ

liver = ἦπαρ, ἤπατος, τό

Love (god of love) = Ἔρως, Ἔρωτος, ὁ   

M

man (human being) = ἄνθρωπος, ου, ὁ /  ἡ

man (male) =  ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός, ὁ

many =  plural of πολύς, πολλή, πολύ

master = δεσπότης, ου, ὁ

master, Lord = κύριος, ου, ὁ

matter, affairdeed, thing =  πρᾶγμα, πράγματος, τό  

meat, flesh = σάρξ, σαρκός, τό

member of the household, slave = οἰκέτης, ου, ὁ

middle = μέσος, η, ον

Milon of Croton = Μίλων

mind (“diaphragm“) = φρήν, φρηνός, ἡ

mind, intellect =  νοῦς, νοῦ, ὁ  

money-lender = δανειστής, οῦ, ὁ

more, rather = μᾶλλον (comparative adverb)

much = πολύ

Muse, one of the nine goddesses who protected arts and sciences = Μοῦσα, ης, ἡ

my (possessive adjective) = ἐμός, ή, όν

N

nail, claw  = ὄνυξ, ὄνυχος, ὁ

name = ὄνομα, ὀνόματος, τό

nation, descent, “race” = γένος, γένους, τό

//it  is // necessary = δεῖ

necessity, need = ἀνάγκη, ης, ἡ

neither... nor = οὔτε ... οὔτε

nevertheless = μέντοι ;  new, young = νέος, α, ον

night = νύξ, νυκτ̥und: yellow"> οὐκέτι

no one, nothing = οὐδείς, οὐδεμία, οὐδέν 

no, not =  οὐ  (but μή is the negation with imperatives)

no, not (used instead of οὐ with commands) = μή  

O

oath, pledge = ὅρκος, ου, ὁ

often = πολλάκις

old man = γέρων, γέρονος, ὁ

on account of = διά +  acc

on, upon = ἐπί + gen

on the one hand ... on the other hand =  μέν ... δέ

only = μόνον

opinion, reputation, glory =  δόξα, ης, ἡ

opposite, instead of = ἀντί + gen

or = ἤ 

orator, politician = ῥήτωρ, ῥήτορος, ὁ

out of = ἐκ + gen

P

peace = εἰρήνη, ης, ἡ

Pericles = Περικλῆς, -έους, ὁ. This name is (just as Σωκράτης, -τους) a contracted noun of the 3rd declension, of a

(a) Persian = Πέρσης, ου, ὁ  

phalanx, battle-array =  φάλαγξ, φάλαγγος, ἡ  

Pharisee = Φαρισαῖος, α, ον

Pharisee = Φαρισαῖος, α, ον

place = τόπος, ου, ὁ

plain, field = πεδίον, ου, τό

pleasure =  ἡδονή, ῆς, ἡ

poet = ποιητής, οῦ, ὁ

politician, orator =  ῥήτωρ, ῥήτορος, ὁ

prayer = εὐχή, ῆς, ἡ

prisoner of war = αἰχμάλωτος, ου, ὁ

proof, witness = τεκμήριον, ου, τό

prophet = προφήτης, ου, ὁ

prosecutor, accuser = κατήγορος, ου, ὁ

proverb, opinion  = γνώμη, ης, ἡ

prudent, moderate = σώφρων, σῶφρον

pure = καθαρός, ά, όν

Q

R

“race,” descent, nation = γένος, γένους, τό

raven or crow = κόραξ, κόρακος, ὁ

reasonable, in one’s right mind = ἔμφρων, ἔμφρον

rest, pause = ἀνάπαυλα, ης, ἡ

riddle, enigma = αἴνιγμα, αἰνίγματος, τό

river = ποταμός, οῦ, ὁ

rock, crag = πέτρα, ας, ἡ

rock, stone =  λίθος, ου, ὁ

rule, beginning =  ἀρχή, ῆς, ἡ

ruler= ἄρχων, ἄρχοντος, ὁ;  ruler, tyrant = τύραννος, ου, ὁ

S

Sabbath = σάββατον, ου, τό

sacrifice = θυσία, ας, ἡ

sailor = ναύτης, ου, ὁ

salt = ἅλς, ἁλός, ὁ

sanctified = ἡγιασμένος, η, ον

savior = σωτήρ, σωτῆρος, ὁ

sea = θάλασσα (Attic dialect θάλαττα), ης, ἡ; (later)  ἅλς, ἁλός, ἡ

season, hour = ὥρα, ας, ἡ 

servant, deacon = διάκονος, ου, ὁ

shadow = σκιά, ᾶς, ἡ

shepherd = ποιμήν, ποιμένος, ὁ

ship = πλοῖον, ου, τό

shouts, a shouting = κραυγή, ῆς, ἡ

silence = σιγή, ῆς, ἡ

silver = ἄργυρος, ου, ὁ

sin (in koinê) = ἁμαρτία, ας, ἡ 

sky, heaven  = οὐρανός, οῦ, ὁ

slave = δοῦλος, ου, ὁ; οἰκέτης, _eft: 0; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"> small = μικρός, ά, όν

> ῶ

to defend oneself =  φυλάσσομαι  (Attic φυλάττομαι); ἀμύνομαι  

to differ, carry over,  = διαφέρω

to discuss, converse = διαλέγομαι, διαλέξομαι, διελεξάμην

to do good, do what is right and proper = ἀγαθοποιέω > ῶ

to do harm, do what is wrong = κακοποιέω > ῶ

to do wrong, wrong (someone), commit a crime = ἀδικέω > ῶ

to do, bring about, achieve = πράσσω (Attic πράττω)

to draw, write = γράφω

to drink = πίνω

to dwell in, inhabit (takes a D O) = οἰκέω > ῶ

to eat = ἐσθίω

to embark, walk up or upon = ἀναβαίνω

to embrace, welcome kindly = ἀσπάζομαι

to establish = ἱδρύω

to exchange something (acc) for something else (gen) = ἀλλάσσομαι (Attic ἀλλάττομαι) / ἀμείβω

to expect (something good, i.e. to hope,  or something bad) = ἐλπίζω

to fear = φοβέω (also = to frighten) /  φοβέομαι

to find, discover  = εὑρίσκω

to flee, shun = φεύγω

to free, liberate = ἐλευθερόω > ῶ

to gather together = συναθροίζω

to get angry = ὀργίζομαι

to give thanks (+ dat complement) = εὐχαριστέω > ῶ 

to go, come, walk = βαίνω / ἔρχομαι

to go, walk, march, travel = πορεύομαι

to govern, rule (+ Genitive) =  ἄρχω

to guard, protect = φυλάσσω (Attic φυλάττω)

to harm =  βλάπτω

to have = ἔχω

to have come = ἥκω (this present is translated as if it were a perfect)

to heal, care for = θεραπεύω

to hear =  ἀκούω

to help = ὠφηλέω

to honor = τίνω

to indict = γράφομαι

to judge = κρίνω

to kill = ἀποκτείνω, ἀποκτενέω >  ῶ, ἀπέκτεινα

to know, recognize = γι(γ)νώσκω

to lament,  wail = θρηνέω > ῶ

to lead = ἄγω

to lead the way, suppose, deem = ἡγέομαι > ἡγοῦμαι, ἡγήσομαι, ἡγησάμην

to learn = μανθάνω

to listen to, obey (+ dat) =  πείθομαι

to live = ζάω > ζῶ

to live together (as man and wife) = συνοικέω > ῶ (+ Dat)

to look = βλέπω (ἐς, εἰς + acc); to look at = προσβλέπω  (+ acc)

to name = ὀνομάζω

to need = δέοµαι (+ gen). This verb only contracts ε + ε, η, ει, but the forms where it encounters ο, ω, ου remain uncontracted.

to nourish = τρέφω

to persuade = πείθω

to pity, have pity upon = οἰκτείρω; to have compassion = ἐλεέω > ῶ

to play = παίζω

to pour = λείβω

to praise =  ἐγκωµιάζω

to pray = εὔχομαι; to address in prayer = προσεύχομαι

to prevent = κωλύω

to provide = παρέχω (cf. ἔχω).

to punish = κολάζω

to pursue earnestly, to be earnest = σπουδάζω

to receive, welcome = δέχομαι

to recognize, know = γι(γ)νώσκω

to reproach, upbraid = ὀνειδίζω, ὀ ὠνείδισα

to reveal = ἀποκαλύπτω; make visible, reveal = φανερόω > ῶ

to ruin, destroy = διαφθείρω

to rule, govern (+ Genitive) =  ἄρχω

to run = τρέχω

to run a risk = to save = σῴζω

W

wagon = ἅμαξα, ης, ἡ

war = πόλεμος, ου, ὁ

water = τὸ ὕδωρ (neuter of the 3rd declension, not studied yet)

way, journey = ὁδός, οῦ, ἡ

we = ἡµεῖς

//to be or grow// weak, ill = ἀσθενέω > well, nicely, nobly = καλῶς