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8.6: Alternative (late) forms of 3rd person active imperative
Mostly in the 4th century BCE and later, and rather consistently in Biblical Greek, the 3rd person plural of the Imperative shows the following endings:
ACTIVE VOICE: In addition to ἀγ -όντων (let them lead), the form ἀγ -έτωσαν was used.
MIDDLE/PASSIVE VOICE: In addition to ἀγ-έσθων (let them steal, if middle, or let them be led, if passive),
the form ἀγ-έσθωσαν was used.
This chart compares active and middle/passive imperative endings
|
IMPERATIVE |
ACTIVE VOICE |
MIDDLE / PASSIVE |
Tips |
|
3rd singular |
λεγ-έτω |
λεγ-έσθω |
To go from active to middle / passive, change τ to σθ |
|
3rd plural |
λεγ- έτωσαν |
λεγ- έσθωσαν |
This chart compares other active and middle/passive endings
|
|
ACTIVE VOICE |
MIDDLE / PASSIVE |
Tips |
|
INDICATIVE or IMPERATIVE 2nd plural present |
λέγ-ετε |
λέγ-εσθε |
To go from active to middle / passive, change τ to σθ |
|
INDICATIVE 2nd plural Imperfect |
ἐλέγ- ετε |
ἐλέγ- εσθε |